Python 文件批量重命名

在 Python 中，可以使用 os 模块或 pathlib 模块来批量重命名文件。下面是一些示例，展示如何批量重命名文件。

使用 os 模块批量重命名文件

示例：将文件名添加前缀

import os

def batch_rename(directory, prefix):
    try:
        for filename in os.listdir(directory):
            old_path = os.path.join(directory, filename)
            if os.path.isfile(old_path):
                new_filename = prefix + filename
                new_path = os.path.join(directory, new_filename)
                os.rename(old_path, new_path)
                print(f"{old_path} 已重命名为 {new_path}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发生错误: {e}")

# 示例调用
batch_rename('path_to_directory', 'prefix_')

示例：将文件名中的空格替换为下划线

import os

def batch_rename(directory):
    try:
        for filename in os.listdir(directory):
            old_path = os.path.join(directory, filename)
            if os.path.isfile(old_path):
                new_filename = filename.replace(' ', '_')
                new_path = os.path.join(directory, new_filename)
                os.rename(old_path, new_path)
                print(f"{old_path} 已重命名为 {new_path}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发生错误: {e}")

# 示例调用
batch_rename('path_to_directory')

使用 pathlib 模块批量重命名文件

示例：将文件名添加后缀

from pathlib import Path

def batch_rename(directory, suffix):
    path = Path(directory)
    try:
        for file in path.iterdir():
            if file.is_file():
                new_filename = file.stem + suffix + file.suffix
                new_path = file.with_name(new_filename)
                file.rename(new_path)
                print(f"{file} 已重命名为 {new_path}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发生错误: {e}")

# 示例调用
batch_rename('path_to_directory', '_suffix')

示例：将文件扩展名修改为 .txt

from pathlib import Path

def batch_rename(directory):
    path = Path(directory)
    try:
        for file in path.iterdir():
            if file.is_file():
                new_path = file.with_suffix('.txt')
                file.rename(new_path)
                print(f"{file} 已重命名为 {new_path}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发生错误: {e}")

# 示例调用
batch_rename('path_to_directory')

综合示例

以下是一个综合示例，展示如何批量重命名文件，包括添加前缀、替换空格和更改扩展名。

import os
from pathlib import Path

# 使用 os 模块批量重命名文件
def batch_rename_os(directory, prefix, suffix, replace_space):
    try:
        for filename in os.listdir(directory):
            old_path = os.path.join(directory, filename)
            if os.path.isfile(old_path):
                new_filename = filename
                if replace_space:
                    new_filename = new_filename.replace(' ', '_')
                new_filename = prefix + new_filename + suffix
                new_path = os.path.join(directory, new_filename)
                os.rename(old_path, new_path)
                print(f"{old_path} 已重命名为 {new_path}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发生错误: {e}")

# 使用 pathlib 模块批量重命名文件
def batch_rename_pathlib(directory, prefix, suffix, replace_space):
    path = Path(directory)
    try:
        for file in path.iterdir():
            if file.is_file():
                new_filename = file.stem
                if replace_space:
                    new_filename = new_filename.replace(' ', '_')
                new_filename = prefix + new_filename + suffix + file.suffix
                new_path = file.with_name(new_filename)
                file.rename(new_path)
                print(f"{file} 已重命名为 {new_path}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发生错误: {e}")

# 示例调用
batch_rename_os('path_to_directory', 'prefix_', '_suffix', True)
batch_rename_pathlib('path_to_directory', 'prefix_', '_suffix', True)

通过这些示例，你可以批量重命名文件，添加前缀或后缀，替换文件名中的空格以及更改文件扩展名。选择适合自己的方法来处理文件批量重命名任务。